World Cup 98 - The Debacle For The Outsiders 
 
WORLD CUP 98  is part of  THE SHOT THAT PASSED RIGHT THROUGH THE NET
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As in any World Cup it is said that there are no more small teams and that the gap has closed. But resultwise this has been one of the worst World Cups ever for outsiders. What could be the reasons? 

A FEW FIGURES AND IDEAS

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 

  
THE PAST (the most conspicious outsiders): 

1930: USA reached semi-finals 
1938: Cuba beat Romania 
1950: USA beat England 
1966: North Korea kicked Italy out of the tournament and advanced to quarter-finals 
1970: Israel drew with Sweden and Italy. 
1978: Tunisia achieved 3:3 points (today 4) against Mexico, Germany, and Poland. 
1982: Cameroon remained unbeaten against Poland, Peru, and Italy. Algeria beat Germany and Chile. Honduras almost kicked hosts Spain out of the tournament. 
1986: Morocco won their group against England, Poland, and Portugal and advanced to second round. South Korea drew with Bulgaria and scared Italy, Irak at least had only close matches. 
1990: Not only Cameroon beat Argentina, Romania, and Colombia to reach quarter finals. Costa Rica shocked Scotland and Sweden and advanced to second round. Egypt held their group close (draw with Netherlands and Ireland) until the last match (0:1 against England). 
1994: hosts USA drew with Switzerland and beat Colombia. South Korea drew with Spain and Bolivia and almost had a chance when they scared Germany in the final minutes. Saudi-Arabia had two victories and advanced to second round. 

Some other teams had at least draws.  

1934, 1958, 1962 saw no big outsiders starting 

1954, 1974 saw similar desasters 
  

 
 
1. outsiders: the past and France98
2. speculation about the reasons
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FRANCE 98 

Looking at the start of the seven biggest outsiders ( *who had been outsider before the tournament was taken from the betting offices experts opinions - see 81%sure: Brazil will not become World Champions -says Intertops) of the tournament shows immediate: they did not get thrashed, but they did not score goals. Morocco should be seen in an extra-position anyway as that team was just misrated rather than it was a real surprise. 
Saudi Arabia 0:1 
South Korea 1:3 
Iran 0:1 
Tunisia 0:2 
Japan 0:1 
Jamaica 1:3 
Morocco 2:2 
 The odds accumulated for those 7 teams had suggested that those seven would achieve 1 victory and 1.5 draws in those seven first matches. 
  
 The next round did not look any better, prognosted the same (1 win, 1.5 draws): 
Saudi Arabia 0:4 
South Korea 0:5 
Iran 2:1 
Tunisia 0:1 
Japan 0:1 
Jamaica 0:5 
Morocco 0:3 
 At least Iran won their battle against the USA. 

 In the third round of matches a bit better result had been prognosted (because of the direct encounter Japan-Jamaica had to produce points for at least one): 1.5 wins and 2 draws. The reality: 
Saudi Arabia 2:2 
South Korea 1:1 
Iran 0:2 
Tunisia 1:1 
Japan 1:2 
Jamaica 2:1 
Morocco 3:0 

 Surprisingly in this 3rd round the results seemed better than prognosted, but looking at in more detail reveils: Only the misjudged Morocco could overcome an established team. All other outsiders had not been capable to score more than one goal against a squad from the superpowers of South America or Europe. This was disappointing. 

 Immediately after the first matches, Intertops betting office had reacted and had adjusted their odds such, that they prognosted an outsider success for the second and following matches as half as likely as before what matched the reality more.   

What can have been the reasons for the desaster?  
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
check also for a detailed look at the performance of Asians and Africans 

HARMLESSNESS IN ATTACK 

 Our seven outsiders had scored only 6 goals in their first 14 matches. Taking a look at more teams, USA, Cameroon, South Africa, and Tunisia, further displays the problem: 3 goals in the first 8 matches, 7 in all 12. This had been terrible because it seems to reflect overcareful, anxious attitudes that might have spoiled the campaigns.  

THE CAR RACING METAPHER

 Imagine, you run a racing car team. If your car is worse than the best ones, you will try to find a clever racing strategy to beat the others (in Formula 1 it is for example the number of pit stops or the selection of the tyre type). You will have to try something different to be able to overcome the others superiority.
 The other way round, if your car is better than the others, it is stupid to take chances. Because if you run the same strategy as the other teams you will win the race anyway because your car is superior. Unless there are mistakes or accidents or any kind of chance.
 The message is clear: Going as an outsider into the game you can either take chances or you can conservatively try to keep the margin close, and only hope for some kind of accident in the outcome of the match (this can include an unconcentrated performance of the favorite as well).
 Now why do most coaches act different? The taking chances implies the possibility of the total desaster. This immediately points on the coach. He must have been 'a fool to try something silly like this'. A conservative approach on the other hand points at the players. The coach had planned professionaly and the players just had been too bad. 

NO CONFIDENCE? 

 They did not force it, they waited for the lucky bounce. While Mexico had gained confidence by bravely carrying the action into the opponents half, Japan for example right 'officially' speculated on a point in one of the first matches and a win against Jamaica. But despite their very good football the Japanese came only a few times dangerous in front of the goal. Then the Japanese seemed to panic. Those goal situations their counterparts Battistuta and Suker had had a hundred times in important matches and they remained cool. Japan then, without much 'practice' from the first matches, squandered their opportunities against Jamaica, lacking any surpreme ease. It must be tough for a forward, preparing years for a tournament and then get only two or three goal situations, a Saudi forward maybe only got one. 

 

 
 
1. outsiders: the past and France98
2. speculation about the reasons
X part 1    part 2
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ACCEPTING TO BE SO WEAK THAT LUCK CAN BE THE ONLY HELP? 

 It had not been that teams like Iran or Saudi Arabia did not play the ball in direction of the opponents goal but they attacked only with few players. They were anxious that the matches resultwise stayed open and careful that their opponents would not score on an easy counter-attack. Thus, bouncing balls in the Danish or Yugoslavian half could seldom find Saudi Arabian or Iranian players and the balls came right back. There are several points to watch: 
 How many players follow into the attacking zone (few at Iran, Saudi-Arabia); how risky is the build-up (Japan combinated more conservatively, Iran tried the special but had not enough players upfront so that those risky balls were lost quickly again); how is the build-up from defense when the opponents forwards imply pressing, do we see long balls on the lonely attacker or do they try to build up by combination; what is about pressing, how many players try to apply pressing upfront, how tight are midfield players marked (you can conquer the ball then but you can also become a victim of a quick move, outnumbering your defenders), and how far drawn back is the defenders line when the opponents build up.  
 Japan looked not much different to Croatia or Argentina, but those had superior players (size of the Europeans!) and especially Argentina worked concentrated so that if you want to win, you will have to take chances. Japan twice waited for the last minutes but did not have the luck to compensate for the first part of the matches.  
 Of course, this is easy to say afterwards, as Korea seemed to have indeed taken some chances against the Netherlands and paid for it. They failed to open up the score and after the first dutch goal, they lost 0:5. (But Saudi-Arabia had lost 0:4, too, with an exclusively defensive approach against France, whom they had invited into an attacking practice session.) Also Mexico had been immediate victims of a Dutch counter-play as well (the first goal). But they had gathered so much confidence, that they achieved the impossible in the later stage of the match. 
 Of course, Japan might have just been a tick to weak and maybe some inches to small to win against the big. Thye might have avoided a debacle when they draw back at the beginning of the second half against Argentina. Iran faced a German team looking for a high score because of the race for the first place in the group. But different the Iran-Yugoslavia match. It seems a shame that Iran, whose players, in opposite to the Japanese, are well-requested in the Bundesliga, did not try to win this encounter when Yugolslavians obviously starting to worry and blame each other, only seeking free kicks. It was sad, that Saudi Arabia played without any confidence of being able to win a match. They all seeked defending as long as possible the 0:0 and score a lucky one. 
  
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WE ARE WORSE 

 This attitude transfers the image of being a minor power into the players. They feel weak, being dependant on a lucky bounce instead of seeking the opportunity to surprise the big by skills. The result: No complete desaster but never with a chance to advance.  
 Jamaica had played a bit more open and in the end, having had experienced more goal situations, they beat Japan quite easily although goal opportunities merely had been for Japan. But this match had been also a physical thing. The small Japanese could not wine one-to-one-challenges against the mainly huge Jamaican players. Are some Asian teams just too small? 

FRANCE 98 - AN ADVANTAGE FOR THE EUROPEAN BASED PLAYERS? 

  Weather might have played its part. Danmark - Saudi-Arabia had been played at 13°C. As soon as there was heat, Japan-Croatia, the team that has more to win at stake (of course the outsider when the favorite only can achieve the expected), will have an advantage. But like in the Argentina match Japan opened up too late.  

 It is hard to tell whether it is coincidence that all disappointing World Cups for outsiders had been played in Central Europe weather conditions. It seems to favour the European based players playing at their top levels, what might be a problem under different conditions. It could easily be seen that all favorites this time played concentrated from the start. 
 
HAVE THE ESTABLISHED INCREASED THE GAP? 

 But more than this there seems to be a development enlarging the gap: More concentration and seriosity, more new scientific, medical, and related methods at the Europeans. More knowledge about any opponent. Less unorthodox game by the outsiders (European or South American based, or European or South American school coaches and players). And playing the European game, yet the Europeans are the strongest. Why do the Japanese players, such small, continiously attempt from 20-25 meters when there is physical power and inaccurance in their attempts like when an European player (without special abilities) tries from 30-35? Why should players (for example in some African teams) who earn their money in second divison clubs at Europe, suddenly beat the best of the world with their own style football?
 

 
 
1. outsiders: the past and France98
2. speculation about the reasons
part 1   X part 2
back to top
 
 
 Those are critical questions that imply those nations have nothing to look for at a World Cup. But this is wrong. The question of what contigent for which continent and how should be determined how many Europeans, how many Asians are allowed to play at the next World Cup, there is another document investigating on: How many places for whom?  

HAS THE EXTENSION TO 32 BEEN THE REASON? 

 On one hand it does not seem so: The fourth Asian qualifier, Iran, has achieved the only Asian victory and the third CONCACAF-qualifier, Jamaica, did not seem less good than the USA, also. On the other hand by the extension the number of weaker teams seems to have increased. But the gap has not been so big that the World Cup had become a joke: The favorites had to play with concentration. 
 There might have been a psycholgical trap: Only 2 teams advancing let the task look even more difficult, might have damaged the the confidence of the teams. They might not have really believed in their chance to overcome the big. This had been different in the 24-system, when one win already could make the difference.  
 One cannot judge from one World Cup alone. That most 1st round matches resultwise look like having been a formality was disappointing, but such World Cups have taken place every 20 years. 
 The next time the World Cup again will be in Northern hemisphere (the last World Cup south of the equator was 1978!!). This time in Asia. The small ones will have to think hard to find an approach to recorrect their weak image. Their whole presentation (Japanese and Jamaican fan culture, the Iranian fairness and the meaning of the positiveness of the Iran-USA clash for the world, the meaning of the success of football in general for people in Iran) was definitively an addidition that made up for far more than a disappointment in the results. 
  
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